No it won't work. Unless you are using powered speakers, i.e. speaker that contain their own power amp.
If your speakers have only speaker cable connections, and don't need to be plugged into an AC outlet, then you have unpowered speakers.
The ipod output jack, has only a headphone amp, running at a much much lower output level than what unpowered speakers need.
If you have a stereo receiver to go with your speakers, then it's easy.
Just connect the speakers to the receiver with speaker cables as usual, and connect the Ipod to the receiver via one of it's inputs. Anything labeled AUX, CD, Tuner, etc.. will be fine. Just don't use inputs labeled 'phono'.
You will most likely need a cable or adapter. The ipod needs a Stereo 'mini jack', or 'headphone jack', or '3.5 mm stereo phone plug' (all different names for the same thing), and your Stereo receiver will most likely need Stereo 'RCA jacks', just like the outputs of a cd player.
Hope that helps