Yes! I have successfully used QuickTime Broadcaster with and without QuickTime Streaming Server on my home network of an iMac and TiBook.
My only complaint is that Cable Modems are slow for uploading! OK, so that's not Apple's fault. =)
Despite the fact that the documentation says you can't use Broadcaster to send data to a local QuickTime Streaming Server (that is, on the same machine), I did it just fine.
With my Formac Studio I can pump live TV through Broadcaster and watch TV on my laptop outside on the grass. Way to go Apple and Formac!
It took me a while to figure out what Apple meant by some terms in the Network tab.
When I want to watch TV on my TiBook I choose Manual Unicast and set the Address to my TiBook's IP address.
To broadcast to a local QuickTime Streaming Server to act as a repeater, I select Automatic Unicast (Announce), set the Name to 127.0.0.1, and set File to something simple like tv. I check Broadcast over TCP.
Of course both ways you have to Export->SDP after you click the Broadcast button, and you have to get that SDP file to the remote computer, but there are many ways to do that.
Cheers!
-Rob