Well to get the Character Palette (with your Country flag) just open system Preferences->International pane, Input Menu tab and put check marks in Character Palette, Keyboard Viewer then scroll down and select you Country's flag. This will put the flag in the Finder menu bar. There you can always click on it and bring up either the Character Palette or Keyboard Viewer.
Now open Character Palette and find your favorite and highlight it. Then at the bottom of the pane select the gear icon to add it to your Favorites.