The setting is to put the drive to sleep, if possible - not cutting the power to the drive.
Querying the drive would usually power it on, I think, if it is sleeping.
Why would you want to know if the drive is actually off? You can always eject the drive, and turn off the power.
Shutting the mini off will probably power down the external drive completely, if the drive supports that action.
I don't think you would need to actually unplug the drive. If it's only used every few days, just dismount the drive, and turn the drive power off. It should mount if you turn the drive power back on. That would prevent the system from occasionally querying the drive, and mounting again when you don't intend for that to happen. That could happen if you rely on some software command to turn the drive power off. This would probably happen if you wake up the mini from sleep.And I want this to happen without me having to unplug and replug the USB cable myself.